• The widespread and increasing use of computers and information technology has generated a need for highly trained, innovative workers with extensive theoretical expertise.
• These workers, called computer scientists, are the designers, creators, and inventors of new technology.
• By creating new technology, or finding alternative uses for existing resources, they solve complex business, scientific, and general computing problems.
• Some computer scientists work on multidisciplinary projects, collaborating with electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, and other specialists.
• Computer scientists conduct research on a wide array of topics. Examples include computer hardware architecture, virtual reality, and robotics.
• Scientists who research hardware architecture discover new ways for computers to process and transmit information.
• They design computer chips and processors, using new materials and techniques to make them work faster and give them more computing power.
• When working with virtual reality, scientists use technology to create life-like situations. For example, scientists may invent video games that make users feel like they are actually in the game.
• Computer scientists working with robotics try to create machines that can perform tasks on their own—without people controlling them. Robots perform many tasks, such as sweeping floors in peoples’ homes, assembling cars on factory production lines, and “auto-piloting” airplanes.
• Computer science researchers employed by academic institutions have job functions that are similar in many ways to those employed by other organizations.
• In general, researchers in academic settings have more flexibility to focus on pure theory, while those working in business or scientific organizations, covered here, usually focus on projects that have the possibility of producing patents and profits.

• Employment of these computer scientists is expected to grow as individuals and organizations continue to demand increasingly sophisticated technologies.
• Job increases will be driven, in part, by very rapid growth in computer systems design and related services industry, as well as the software publishing industry.
• Computer scientists develop the theories that allow many new technologies to be developed.
• The demand for increasing efficiency in areas such as networking technology, computing speeds, software performance, and embedded systems will lead to employment growth.
• In addition, the growing emphasis on information security will lead to new jobs.
• Graduates from Ph.D. programs in computer science and engineering are in high demand, and many companies report difficulties finding sufficient numbers of these highly skilled workers.

Other occupations that work with information technology include Computer and information systems managers, Computer networks, systems and database administrators, Computer software engineers and computer programmers, Computer support specialists and Computer systems analysts.

• PHD in Computer Science
• PHD in Computer and Communication Engineer (CCE)